EXAMINING THE ROLE OF ONE HEALTH APPROACH IN PREVENTING ZOONOTIC DISEASE TRANSMISSION ACROSS SPECIES

Abstract

Zoonotic diseases pose an escalating global health threat driven by intensified interactions at the human–animal–environment interface. This study applied an experimental mixed-methods One Health framework to evaluate the integrated determinants of zoonotic disease risk across multiple regions. Quantitative analyses combined human disease incidence, animal reservoir prevalence, vector abundance, and environmental exposure indicators to model spillover dynamics, while integrative interpretations assessed the systemic implications of multisectoral interactions. The results revealed substantial regional variability in zoonotic burden, with higher human case rates consistently associated with elevated animal infection prevalence, increased vector density, and greater environmental risk scores. Hybrid and multivariate visualizations demonstrated synchronized trends among ecological disruption, vector expansion, and human infections, highlighting the synergistic nature of zoonotic drivers. Composite risk indices further confirmed that regions experiencing concurrent biological and environmental pressures face disproportionately higher spillover potential. These findings underscore the critical role of integrated surveillance, early warning systems, and coordinated governance in mitigating zoonotic threats. The study provides empirical support for the One Health approach as an effective strategy for understanding and managing zoonotic diseases by linking epidemiological, ecological, and animal health data within a unified framework. Strengthening cross-sector collaboration and data integration is essential for improving preparedness, reducing disease emergence, and enhancing global health resilience.